ABSTRACT
El objetivo es comparar el consumo de drogas a través de dos metodologías, la metodología de pares (MP) y la metodología del cuestionario auto registrado (CAR). La población está compuesta por escolares de género masculino, que cursan entre 8° básico y 4° medio. La muestra alcanzó a 301 escolares. Los resultados obtenidos son, una tendencia a mayor consumo general con la MP que con el CAR; igualmente, en el último mes el consumo muestra una tendencia al aumento con la MP en comparación con el CAR. En ambos períodos no hubo significación estadística. Por otro lado, el consumo de drogas ilícitas en los últimos 12 meses, fue el doble con la MP. En cuanto al consumo de los últimos 30 días, también se duplica al indagar con la MP. La declaración del consumo de drogas ilícitas es significativamente mayor con la MP que con el CAR, en ambos períodos estudiados. El consumo de marihuana, en ambos períodos, es el de mayor consumo entre las drogas ilícitas. Todas las diferencias alcanzaron significación y por lo tanto, la hipótesis que indica utilizando la MP se obtiene mayor declaración del consumo de drogas ilícitas se ratifica.
The objective of this study is to compare the declared licit and illicit drug consumption, between paired methodology (MP) and self assessed questionnaire (CAR). We suggest that understatement of illicit drug use will be minimized with the use of peer methodology, and that licit drug understatement will not be affected using peer methodology. The population of this study is composed by male school students ranging between middle and high School. The sample reached to 301 students. The results obtained regarding illicit drug consumption in the year, tend to be higher using MP compared with the CAR. Similarly, last month consumption reached a higher prevalence using MP than using CAR. There are no significant differences in both samples, during both periods. Nevertheless, in the last 12 months, illicit drug consumption doubled the CAR report in comparison to MP. Regarding drug consumption in the last 30 days, the results also showed that CAR underestimated half of the rate stated using MP. Illicit drug consumption is significantly higher using MP, than CAR, in both periods that were studied. Illicit consumption rates of in the past year and in the last month are significantly higher using MP, particularly with Marihuana. There are no statistical differences in the same periods, regarding licit drug consumption rate, as alcohol and tobacco.